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Aristotle - On The Parts Of Animals
Atec Февраль 16 2008 20:01:06
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Animals, then, are composed of homogeneous parts, and are also
composed of heterogeneous parts. The former, however, exist for the
sake of the latter. For the active functions and operations of the
body are carried on by these; that is, by the heterogeneous parts,
such as the eye, the nostril, the whole face, the fingers, the hand,
and the whole arm. But inasmuch as there is a great variety in the
functions and motions not only of aggregate animals but also of the
individual organs, it is necessary that the substances out of which
these are composed shall present a diversity of properties. For some
purposes softness is advantageous, for others hardness; some parts
must be capable of extension, others of flexion. Such properties,
then, are distributed separately to the different homogeneous parts,
one being soft another hard, one fluid another solid, one viscous
another brittle; whereas each of the heterogeneous parts presents a
combination of multifarious properties. For the hand, to take an
example, requires one property to enable it to effect pressure, and
another and different property for simple prehension. For this
reason the active or executive parts of the body are compounded out of
bones, sinews, flesh, and the like, but not these latter out of the
former.
So far, then, as has yet been stated, the relations between these
two orders of parts are determined by a final cause
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