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The details however of the mutual relations of the different vessels
must be looked for in the treatises on Anatomy and the Researches
concerning Animals.
So much, then, as concerns the heart and the blood-vessels. We
must now pass on to the other viscera and apply the same method of
inquiry to them.
6
The lung, then, is an organ found in all the animals of a certain
class, because they live on land. For there must of necessity be
some means or other of tempering the heat of the body; and in
sanguineous animals, as they are of an especially hot nature, the
cooling agency must be external, whereas in the bloodless kinds the
innate spirit is sufficient of itself for the purpose. The external
cooling agent must be either air or water. In fishes the agent is
water. Fishes therefore never have a lung, but have gills in its
place, as was stated in the treatise on Respiration. But animals
that breathe are cooled by air. These therefore are all provided
with a lung.
All land animals breathe, and even some water animals, such as the
whale, the dolphin, and all the spouting Cetacea. For many animals lie
half-way between terrestrial and aquatic; some that are terrestrial
and that inspire air being nevertheless of such a bodily
constitution that they abide for the most time in the water; and
some that are aquatic partaking so largely of the land character, that
respiration constitutes for them the man condition of life
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