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. And so, in so far as a thing is an organic unity,
it cannot be acted on by itself; for it is one and not two different
things. And 'impotence'and 'impotent' stand for the privation which is
contrary to potency of this sort, so that every potency belongs to the
same subject and refers to the same process as a corresponding
impotence. Privation has several senses; for it means (1) that which
has not a certain quality and (2) that which might naturally have it
but has not it, either (a) in general or (b) when it might naturally
have it, and either (a) in some particular way, e.g. when it has not
it completely, or (b) when it has not it at all. And in certain
cases if things which naturally have a quality lose it by violence, we
say they have suffered privation.
2
Since some such originative sources are present in soulless
things, and others in things possessed of soul, and in soul, and in
the rational part of the soul, clearly some potencies will, be
non-rational and some will be non-rational and some will be
accompanied by a rational formula. This is why all arts, i.e. all
productive forms of knowledge, are potencies; they are originative
sources of change in another thing or in the artist himself considered
as other.
And each of those which are accompanied by a rational formula is
alike capable of contrary effects, but one non-rational power produces
one effect; e
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