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. If such natural groups are not to be
broken up, the method of Dichotomy cannot be employed, for it
necessarily involves such breaking up and dislocation. The group of
the Many-footed, for instance, would, under this method, have to be
dismembered, and some of its kinds distributed among land animals,
others among water animals.
3
Again, privative terms inevitably form one branch of dichotomous
division, as we see in the proposed dichotomies. But privative terms
in their character of privatives admit of no subdivision. For there
can be no specific forms of a negation, of Featherless for instance or
of Footless, as there are of Feathered and of Footed. Yet a generic
differentia must be subdivisible; for otherwise what is there that
makes it generic rather than specific? There are to be found
generic, that is specifically subdivisible, differentiae; Feathered
for instance and Footed. For feathers are divisible into Barbed and
Unbarbed, and feet into Manycleft, and Twocleft, like those of animals
with bifid hoofs, and Uncleft or Undivided, like those of animals with
solid hoofs. Now even with differentiae capable of this specific
subdivision it is difficult enough so to make the classification, as
that each animal shall be comprehended in some one subdivision and
in not more than one; but far more difficult, nay impossible, is it to
do this, if we start with a dichotomy into two contradictories
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