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.-And further if the parts are prior to the whole, and the
acute angle is a part of the right angle and the finger a part of
the animal, the acute angle will be prior to the right angle and
finger to the man. But the latter are thought to be prior; for in
formula the parts are explained by reference to them, and in respect
also of the power of existing apart from each other the wholes are
prior to the parts.
Perhaps we should rather say that 'part' is used in several
senses. One of these is 'that which measures another thing in
respect of quantity'. But let this sense be set aside; let us
inquire about the parts of which substance consists. If then matter is
one thing, form another, the compound of these a third, and both the
matter and the form and the compound are substance even the matter
is in a sense called part of a thing, while in a sense it is not,
but only the elements of which the formula of the form consists.
E.g. of concavity flesh (for this is the matter in which it is
produced) is not a part, but of snubness it is a part; and the
bronze is a part of the concrete statue, but not of the statue when
this is spoken of in the sense of the form. (For the form, or the
thing as having form, should be said to be the thing, but the material
element by itself must never be said to be so.) And so the formula
of the circle does not include that of the segments, but the formula
of the syllable includes that of the letters; for the letters are
parts of the formula of the form, and not matter, but the segments are
parts in the sense of matter on which the form supervenes; yet they
are nearer the form than the bronze is when roundness is produced in
bronze
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