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4
We have now dealt with the neck, the oesophagus, and the windpipe,
and have next to treat of the viscera. These are peculiar to
sanguineous animals, some of which have all of them, others only a
part, while no bloodless animals have any at all. Democritus then
seems to have been mistaken in the notion he formed of the viscera,
if, that is to say, he fancied that the reason why none were
discoverable in bloodless animals was that these animals were too
small to allow them to be seen. For, in sanguineous animals, both
heart and liver are visible enough when the body is only just
formed, and while it is still extremely small. For these parts are
to be seen in the egg sometimes as early as the third day, being
then no bigger than a point; and are visible also in aborted
embryos, while still excessively minute. Moreover, as the external
organs are not precisely alike in all animals, but each creature is
provided with such as are suited to its special mode of life and
motion, so is it with the internal parts, these also differing in
different animals. Viscera, then, are peculiar to sanguineous animals;
and therefore are each and all formed from sanguineous material, as is
plainly to be seen in the new-born young of these animals. For in such
the viscera are more sanguineous, and of greater bulk in proportion to
the body, than at any later period of life, it being in the earliest
stage of formation that the nature of the material and its abundance
are most conspicuous
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