Книга только для ознакомления
. For a thing's difference from that from which it differs in
species must be a contrariety; and this belongs only to things in
the same genus.
9
One might raise the question, why woman does not differ from man
in species, when female and male are contrary and their difference
is a contrariety; and why a female and a male animal are not different
in species, though this difference belongs to animal in virtue of
its own nature, and not as paleness or darkness does; both 'female'
and 'male' belong to it qua animal. This question is almost the same
as the other, why one contrariety makes things different in species
and another does not, e.g. 'with feet' and 'with wings' do, but
paleness and darkness do not. Perhaps it is because the former are
modifications peculiar to the genus, and the latter are less so. And
since one element is definition and one is matter, contrarieties which
are in the definition make a difference in species, but those which
are in the thing taken as including its matter do not make one. And so
paleness in a man, or darkness, does not make one, nor is there a
difference in species between the pale man and the dark man, not
even if each of them be denoted by one word. For man is here being
considered on his material side, and matter does not create a
difference; for it does not make individual men species of man, though
the flesh and the bones of which this man and that man consist are
other
|
